Dicynodonts
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Dicynodontia is an extinct clade of anomodont therapsids. Dicynodonts were herbivorous animals with a pair of tusks, hence their name, which means 'two dog tooth'. Members of the group possessed a horny beak. Dicynonts first appeared during the mid-Permian, and became dominant in the Late Permian, survived the Permian Extinction that wiped out most other therapsids and continued on throughout the Triassic before dying out at the end of the period. They were the most successful and diverse of the non-mammalian therapsids, with over 70 genera known, varying from rat- to elephant-sized.
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†Dicynodon | †Endothiodon | †Lisowicia |
†Lystrosaurus | †Placerias |
Dicynodon
phylum | Chordata | Dicynodon is a genus of the dicynodont therapsids from the Late Permian. This synapsid was a toothless herbivore, except for two tusks, which give it its name. Its average length was 1.2 meters or 3.9 feet. Fossils have been found in South Africa and Tanzania
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order | Therapsida | |
suborder | Dicynodontia | |
family | †Dicynodontidae | |
species | Dicynodon sp. | |
fossil range | Late Permian |
Endothiodon
phylum | Chordata | Endothiodon is an extinct genus of dicynodont from the Late Permian era.
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order | Therapsida | |
suborder | Anomodontia | |
family | Endothiodontidae | |
genus | Endothiodon | |
fossil range | Late Permian |
Lisowisia
phylum | Chordata | Lisowicia is an extinct genus of giant dicynodont synapsid that lived in what is now Poland during the Late Triassic Period. Lisowicia is the largest known dicynodont, as well as the largest non-mammalian synapsid, and is estimated to have weighed between 5–6 tons, comparable in size to modern elephants. It was also one of the last dicynodonts, living shortly before their extinction at the end of the Triassic period.
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order | Therapsida | |
suborder | Dicynodontia | |
family | †Stahleckeriidae | |
genus | Lisowicia | |
species | L. bojani | |
fossil range | Late Triassic |
Lystrosaurus
phylum | Chordata | Lystrosaurus lived around 250 million years ago in what is now Antarctica, India, and South Africa.
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order | Therapsida | |
suborder | Dicynodontia | |
family | Lystrosauridae | |
species | Lystrosaurus murrayi | |
fossil range | Late Permian to Early Triassic |
Placerias
phylum | Chordata | Placerias was one of the largest herbivores in the Late Triassic, measuring up to 3.5 metres (11 ft) long and weighing up to a ton (907 kilograms).
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order | Therapsida | |
suborder | Dicynodontia | |
family | Stahleckeriidae | |
species | Placerias gigas | |
fossil range | Late Triassic |