Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamuses are stout, naked-skinned, and amphibious artiodactyl members of the family Hippopotamidae possessing three-chambered stomachs and walking on four toes on each foot. While they resemble pigs physiologically, their closest living relatives are actually the whales. There are two living species of hippopotamus in two genera; the pygmy hippo of the forests of west Africa, and the common hippo which kills more humans yearly than any other mammal.
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Hippopotamus | Pygmy hippopotamus |
Hippopotamus
phylum | Chordata | The hippopotamus, from the ancient Greek for "river horse", is a large, mostly herbivorous mammal in sub-Saharan Africa, and one of only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae. After the elephant and rhinoceros, it is the third-largest type of land mammal and the heaviest extant artiodactyl. Despite their physical resemblance to pigs and other terrestrial even-toed ungulates, their closest living relatives are cetaceans (whales, porpoises, etc.) from which they diverged about 55 million years ago.
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class | Mammalia | |
infraclass | Eutheria | |
order | Artiodactyla | |
family | Hippopotamidae | |
genus | Hippopotamus | |
species | H. amphibius |
Hippopotamus Skeleton
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Pygmy hippopotamus
phylum | Chordata | The pygmy hippopotamus is a small hippopotamid native to the forests and swamps of West Africa, primarily in Liberia and small populations in Sierra Leone, Guinea and Ivory Coast. The pygmy hippo is reclusive and nocturnal. The pygmy hippopotamus displays many terrestrial adaptations, but like its larger cousin, it is semi-aquatic and relies on proximity to water to keep its skin moisturized and its body temperature cool. Behaviors such as mating and giving birth may occur in water or on land. The pygmy hippo is herbivorous, feeding on ferns, broad-leaved plants, grasses and fruits it finds in the forests.
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class | Mammalia | |
infraclass | Eutheria | |
order | Artiodactyla | |
family | Hippopotamidae | |
genus | Choeropsis | |
species | C. liberiensis |